The short answer to the question of the full cost of a solar installation being added to the value of a home is probably not ...but that depends on the mindset of the buyer. Most of my clients are driven primarily by the financial and self powered security, but some are additionally motivated by the green aspect. Those folks are especially enthusiastic and would probably even pay a premium.
One of the issues with the overall perception of solar is the harm done by national companies that promote solar leasing as a good idea. In a few applications it might make sense, but in most it is a very bad idea. A leased solar array is a huge detriment to the value of a home, not an asset. Also in many lease sales the roof really isn't well oriented and the overall production is compromised. If utility rates have a decline those customers could actually find themselves upside down and paying more for the lease than they would for utility power. I worked very briefly for one of the larger companies to gain a perspective on their operations and found that the sales are motivated by corporate income with a callous disregard to what is best for the client.
As far as the possibility of causing potential harm to the roof goes, with modern sealants and
mounting tools the risk is nil in a properly done installation. The only preliminary requirement is that a roof mounted array must be installed over a good roof. If the roof is in poor shape it must be replaced before the solar installation. The good news here is that the shingle replacement on the roof plane below the solar array can then be subject to the 30% tax credit. Also bear in mind that the roof below the solar modules won't age because it will be shaded from the harmful UV rays of the sun. A well done installation over a good roof will give you 40+ years without trouble.